Bilayer metal halide perovskite for efficient and stable solar cells and modules

Abstract To reach the target of carbon neutral, a transition from fossil energy to renewable is unavoidable. Photovoltaic technology considered one most prominent sources energy. Recently, metal halide perovskite materials have attracted tremendous interest in areas optoelectronic devices due their ease processing and outstanding performance. date, solar cells (PSCs) shown high power conversion efficiency up 25.7% 31.3% for perovskite-silicon tandem cells, which promises revolutionize PV landscape. However, stability PSCs under operating conditions has yet match state-of-the-art silicon-based cell technology, absorbing layer relevant interfaces primary challenge. These issues become more serious larger area modules additional defects within perovskite. Bilayer film composed thin low dimensional three-dimensional shows great potential fabricating with simultaneously. In this review, recent advancements, including composition design methods constructing bilayer films are discussed. We then analyze challenges resolutions deposition scalable techniques. After summarizing beneficial effect structure, we propose our thinking feasible strategies fabricate long lifetime. Finally, outline directions future work that will push toward commercialization.